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S

Sample

A subset of a Population. Samples can either be systematic or unsystematic.


Scientific Method

The process of observing phenomena, making predictions, testing those predictions, and modifying existing Theory.


Secondary Article

An article written for a lay audience, most often not written by the researchers themselves and published in more popular journals. As opposed to Primary Article.


semi-structured interview

A semi-structured interview is a method of research used most often in the social sciences. While a structured interview has a rigorous set of questions which does not allow one to divert, a semi-structured interview is open, allowing new ideas to be brought up during the interview as a result of what the interviewee says. The interviewer in a semi-structured interview generally has a framework of themes to be explored. (Source)


Sentimentality

A problem in Qualitative Research where the researcher allows his or her emotions to get in the way and obscure his or her findings.


Standard Deviation

A systematic measure of Dispersion that takes into account the differences of each score from the Mean. An important tool in both Descriptive and Inferential Statistics.


STARD

STARD stands for “Standards for Reporting Diagnostic accuracy studies”. The STARD statement was developed to improve the completeness and transparency of reports of diagnostic accuracy studies. STARD contains a list of essential items that can be used as a checklist, by authors, reviewers and other readers, to ensure that a report of a diagnostic accuracy study contains the necessary information. STARD was recently updated. All updated STARD materials, including the checklist, are available at http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/stard. (Source)


Statistics

The branch of mathematics that uses the principles of Probability to describe Distributions and test potential differences among groups. Also, a description of the characteristics of a Sample.


Stratified Sample

A specialized type of Representative Sample where key demographics in a Population are mirrored in the Sample.


Structural Equation Modeling

An advanced modeling process in Quantitative Research where latent variables are incorporated into the modeling process.



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